Upper GI study is useful procedure for evaluation of anatomy  and function of the esophagus ,stomach and duodenum.
The majority of contrast enemas are performs in newborns and infants to evaluate the low intestinal obstruction.
The goal of these radiologic examinations is to establish the presence or absence , nature of disease with the minimum radiation dose necessary.
The indications and techniques for examining the GI tract in children , particularly in infants are often different from those of adult.
This present included description of contrast agents, techniques of these studies and common abnormalities.
The voiding cystourethrogram also named micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG ) is an X-ray exam of lower urinary tract that uses fluoroscopy and an iodinated contrast media to create the images.
Properly performed VCUG can provide useful information about anatomical and functional integrity of lower urinary tract.
This presentation discuses about indication , contraindication, technique and interpretation of this study.