The continuing advances in computed tomographic (CT) technology in the past decades have provided ongoing opportunities to improve CT image quality and clinical practice and discover new clinical CT imaging applications. New CT technology, however, has introduced new challenges in clinical radiology practice. One of the challenges is with intravenous contrast medium administration and scan timing. In this article, contrast medium pharmacokinetics and patient, contrast medium, and CT scanning factors associated with contrast enhancement and scan timing are presented and discussed clinical considerations risks associated with contrast agents have not been eliminated, and adverse reactions of varying degree continue to occur. Consequently, it is imperative for
anybody administering contrast agents to be intimately familiar with the characteristics indications, and potential side effects of these agents. They must be able to recognize adverse reactions promptly and treat them effectively and rapidly. contrast medium pharmacokinetics factors includes , osmolality and Viscosity and contrast medium factors includes rate ,concentration and volume. Patient factors are sex, age, weight and cardiac output . Risks associated with contrast agents form a simple rash to skin eruptions and form mild breathing difficulties to respiratory distress and cessation of vital signs. Keywords: CT scan ,Contrast medium ,side effect, osmolality ,cardiac output MRI Accreditation Program ACR_MRI_IMAGE_QUALITY_GUIDE
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