Determining of the Amount of the Radiation Damage Risk Reduction Using Nanoparticles Composite

Purpose: Nowadays, lead shields are commonly used to protect against ionizing X-rays but based on recent studies, new composites have been introduced that are lead-free, more effective and useful for protection and dose reduction. The risk of cancer is included in the stochastic and late effects of radiation exposure. Therefore, in this study, the possibility of radiation risk with the amount of received dose from the imaging methods and how to interact to damages of these were studied.
Methods: The Matrix is a Polyethylene and the filler material is a Tin metal to be used in composite shields. Certain values are prepared according to the researcher’s protocol to protect against X-rays. The risk of radiation damages was calculated in the CT scan machine and chest CT phantom along with the dosimeter embedded inside the phantom to study the received dose values. Tin-Polyethylene composite shield was used to decrease radiation risk.
Results: Using the data related to the condition of the device in imaging such as kilovoltage, tube current, rotation time, collimation, type of CT scan machine and spiral pitch, equivalent and effective doses of organs such as lungs, heart, breast and the mediastinum was determined. PCXMC software was used to calculate radiation risk due to effective dose values.
Conclusion: The use of Tin-polyethylene composite shield as a solution to decrease of the radiation risk and maintain the health of society was confirmed in this study. According to the principle of preferring prevention over treatment, it is recommended to use this shield especially in CT scan to reduce the risk of cancer.