Purpose:
This survey compared the level of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1a) and the main regulator of transcription nuclear factor Kappa Beta (NF-KB) among two different Dwellers of Ramsar, Iran in terms of natural background radiation; residents of a high-stage (HBRA) and a normal-stage background radiation area (NBRA).
Methods:
60 individuals’ blood samples were equally divided into two mentioned categories. While NBRA Dwellers were received to less than 1.5 Mgy Annually, The HBRA residents were exposed to more than 15 times around 15 Mgy per year. Limiting interfering factor of socioeconomic differences we selected mentioned participants from two close neighbourhoods. NF-KB and HIF-1a expression levels were compared using quantitative real-time PCR (Qpcr).
Results:
Extra background radiation levels lead to reprogrammed mechanisms; both in oxygen homeostasis and inflammatory response. HBRA residences in compared to NBRA have shown a statical decrease in HIF1a  regulator (P < 0.0002), as well as a significant increase in NF-KB level (P <0.0001).
Conclusion:
It seems that radiation adaptive response induced in high background radiation areas residents are linked to changes in their molecular regulators. These alterations could indicate reprogrammed molecular mechanisms involved in radioresistance such as the warburg effect and activation of survival signalling pathway however greater studies are recommended.